Addition And Subtraction In Year 2
In Year 2, we have been learning to add and subtract numbers in different ways.
In the first lesson of the week, we had fun learning about Four way sums, also called turn around sums, that can be made up of numbers. Four way sums mean that there are two addition sums and two subtraction sums that can be worked out.
For example:
2 + 9 = 11
9 + 2 = 11
11- 2 = 9
11 – 9 = 2
To help the students work out their sums we learnt the number facts that the answer to an addition sum is always the highest number and the first number in a subtraction sum is always the highest number.
Then we learnt about bonds of 20 or numbers that can be added or subtracted to make 20. We also calculated the answers to Four way or turn around sums with these numbers in our workbooks.
In lesson 3, we looked at how to add and subtract 10’s and how knowing bonds below 10 helps us work out sums of 10. For example, if we know 2 + 5 = 7 it is easy to work out that 20 + 50 = 70.
Lesson 4 was also very fun. The students learnt how to use a number line to add and subtract 3 or more numbers. We learnt that the answers stays the same when we add the same numbers in a different order. For example 4 + 3 + 2 = 9 and 2 + 4 + 3 = 9
During the last lesson of the week, we did a revision activity. Each student was given 3 cards. They wrote 5 sums of 20 on the first card, 5 sums of 10 on the second card and 3 train sums on the last card. We strung the cards onto some wool and tied it at the end so that the cards stayed on. Some students wanted to put the cards up like bunting in their room and some of the students wore their new sum necklace.
The students have really enjoyed learning about addition and subtraction of numbers in fun ways and have certainly learnt a lot during these lessons.
Bronwen Nuthall
Year 2 Teacher
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Faces In Art
In the Jelly Fish class, we have been learning about different parts of the face as well as the function of each of these parts.
Our little students had an amazing time creating different pieces of art to represent their own faces. Some of this art was product focused with the aim being that students create a face with all the right parts in all the right places, an introduction to portraiture.
Other art activities were focused on the process of making art rather than the end result, giving our students the opportunity to select their own materials and create their own artwork which is inspired by an image or object that has been provided. The purpose of this is to provide students with the opportunity to channel their creativity, plan, problem-solve and express themselves without restriction of resources or space.
Activities included drawing a picture of their own face which was inspired by a photograph of themselves, making a face from shapes and newspaper cut-outs and ice painting with primary colours so that we could use sight to observe what happens when these colours mix. Students were captivated by the formation of secondary colours each time the primary colours mixed, this proved to be a great introduction to science within art.
The main purpose of creating Art in the Foundation Phase is not to achieve perfection in a final product, but rather to encourage creativity and self-expression, develop fine motor skills through the manipulation of different materials, and to cultivate a love and appreciation of art.
Candice van der Vyver
Jelly Fish Class Teacher
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Fine Motor Club
It has been a pleasure to host the Fine Motor Club in the Junior Primary this term. A group of keen Year 1 to Year 3’s have been putting effort into strengthening the muscles in their fingers, hands, wrists and shoulders. We always warm up by doing hand and finger “gym”; exercises, strengthening and conditioning. This helps to “wake up” the muscles the children will be needing for our session. These are also useful, fun actions that they can implement in their daily routine, and they can practise doing these before completing tasks like homework or handwriting lessons.
During the course of our first lessons, we have used common items, which they can easily find at home or in their class, to complete 3D shape construction, building and weaving. These processes allow for creativity, whilst subconsciously still strengthening their fine motor skills. Simple items such as playdough, prestick, pasta, matches, pipe cleaners, blocks and toothpicks can all be used in a variety of ways to stimulate your child’s development.
Examples of some fun activities include:
- Making 3D shapes, such as a pyramid or a cube, using toothpicks and Prestick or matches and playdough
- Wrapping pipe cleaners around straws, forks, chopsticks, etc. to create curls
- Threading macaroni/looped cereal onto spaghetti or pipe cleaners
- Place sequins/buttons/small items onto the sticky side of Cellotape (try to make a repeating pattern)
- Balance playing cards/dominoes and build stacks or A-frames
- Pick-up sticks (make your own by painting or colouring in Skewer sticks)
- Make your own playdough/salt dough and build letters and numbers to make spelling and maths practise more interactive
- Instead of using your fingers to pick something up, use a pair or tweezers, a peg or kitchen tongs
- Shadow puppets
- Window tracing
- “Ceiling” art – paste or tape a page under a table/chair (correct length for your child’s arm length), lay down on the floor and draw or write on the page (wonderful for shoulder muscle development!)
- Using a ruler to draw lines or measure
- Using a dropper, teaspoon or syringe to do art/mix colours/explore with consistencies of materials (such as oil and water).
Make these activities into timed races and compete as a family – your loadshedding entertainment is now sorted!
Kim Hahn
Year 1 Teacher
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Mathematics Can Be Fun!
If you’re like me, Mathematics at school was always a daunting subject! However, I have discovered that the key to motivating children in any subject, but especially Mathematics is to make it fun.
Counting in various intervals, e.g., 1’s, 2’s 3’s 4’s 5’s, forwards and backwards, etc. is crucial to laying the foundation for mathematical skills. Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are all based on counting. If a child have a solid understanding of counting in different intervals, they find the transition to the later operational activities much easier.
A study by researcher Louis Manfra from the University of Missouri suggested that teaching pre-schoolers to count, better prepares them for success in mathematics once they start school and found that children who could recite and count to 20 in preschool had the highest mathematics score in first grade.
(Origo Education)
In class we played a ball game to make counting more fun. I gave one student a number to begin with. They had to say the next number and throw the ball to a friend, who then followed with the number after that one. We had a lot of fun during this activity.
Kim Coetzer
Year 2 Teacher
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The Importance of Mathematical Thinking
“To solve math problems, you need to know the basic mathematics before you can start.” – Catherine Asaro
One thing that I have reiterated to all my students over the years is to consider Mathematics as a way of thinking. Kaye Stacey (2012, University of Melbourne) submitted that mathematical thinking is important in three ways.
- Mathematical thinking is an important goal of schooling.
- Mathematical thinking is important as a way of learning mathematics.
- Mathematical thinking is important for teaching mathematics.
As students are introduced to high school Mathematics, it would be wonderful if many students could have just a small taste of the spirit of discovery of Mathematics as described in the quote below from the Mathematician Andrew Wiles.
“One enters the first room of the mansion and it’s dark. One stumbles around bumping into furniture, but gradually you learn where each piece of furniture is. Finally, after six months or so, you find the light switch, you turn it on, and suddenly it’s all illuminated. You can see exactly where you were. Then you move into the next room and spend another six months in the dark. So each of these breakthroughs, while sometimes they’re momentary, sometimes over a period of a day or two, they are the culmination of, and couldn’t exist without, the many months of stumbling around in the dark that precede them.” (Andrew Wiles 1997)
Because Mathematical thinking is a process, l will discuss examples of what l do every time and again with my students in and out of the classroom.
- Logical Puzzles
A logical puzzle is a problem that can be solved through deductive reasoning.
In class we have used this website many times and my students find Mathematics easy if engaged in an interactive and fun way. They start to enjoy how mystifying, puzzling and challenging it is.
- 4 x 4 Magic Square Puzzles

Magic Square Puzzle
In conclusion, math skills are about much more than all the minutiae we teach in school because they are a strong indicator of broader cognitive abilities. And because cognitive aptitude is one of the most predictive factors of job success, testing my candidates’ math abilities is a great way to assess their ability to succeed in any given Maths test and after school activities.
Hebert Tapfuma
High School Mathematics
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